abughali.com IT and Business Blog by Mahmoud Abu-Ghali

20Feb/102

Bloom’s Taxonomy

Benjamin Bloom created this taxonomy for categorizing level of abstraction of questions that commonly occur in educational settings. The taxonomy provides a useful structure in which to categorize test questions, since professors will characteristically ask questions within particular levels, and if you can determine the levels of questions that will appear on your exams, you will be able to study using appropriate strategies.

Competence

Skills Demonstrated
Knowledge
  • Observation and recall of information
  • Question keywords:
    list, define, tell, describe, identify, show, label, collect, examine, tabulate, quote, name, who, when, where
Comprehension
  •  Understanding information or making sense of ideas
  • Question keywords:
    summarize, describe, interpret, contrast, predict, associate, distinguish, estimate, differentiate, discuss, extend
Application
  •  Applying knowledge or understanding in unfamiliar contexts
  • Question keywords:
    apply, demonstrate, calculate, complete, illustrate, show, solve, examine, modify, relate, change, classify, experiment, discover
Analysis
  •  Using methods or theories in unfamiliar situations to identify structures and patterns and to solve problems.
  • Question keywords:
    analyze, separate, order, explain, connect, classify, arrange, divide, compare, select, explain, infer
Synthesis
  •  Combining ideas to make something new
  • Question keywords:
    combine, integrate, modify, rearrange, substitute, plan, create, design, invent, what if?, compose, formulate, prepare, generalize, rewrite
Evaluation
  •  Discriminating between ideas and making judgments about value based on reasoned argument
  • Question keywords:
    assess, decide, rank, grade, test, measure, recommend, convince, select, judge, explain, discriminate, support, conclude, compare, summarize

* From Benjamin S. Bloom Taxonomy of educational objectives.

Filed under: Business, General 2 Comments
10Nov/096

Protecting Your Ideas

Copyright is an exclusive right that protects the creators of original works of authorship such as literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works. Copyrighted material is denoted by the symbol ©. 

Type of Protection
What It Covers
Time Required
Cost
Copyright
 Works of original authorship About 2 weeks About $30
Trademark
 Logos, names, phrases 6 – 12 months $900 - $1,500
Design patent
 Look of an original product Up to 2 years $5,000 - $20,000
Utility patent
 How an original product works 2 – 5 years $5,000 - $20,000
Business method patent
 A business process 2 – 5 years $5,000 - $20,000

Source: “How to Knock Out Knock Offs,” Business Week, March 14, 2005.

Filed under: Business, General 6 Comments
9Nov/091

The fives of Entrepreneurs

According to Kaplan the best qualities of successful entrepreneurs are:
1) They believe that they can make a difference.
2)They have a passion for making things happen. They don't just sit around talking, they go out there are make it happen.
3) They have unjustifiable optimism. They believe they can succeed in the face of evidence proving the contrary.
4) Tolerance for uncertainty.
5) Genuine concern for other people.

The five critical skills that entrepreneurs need:
1) Leadership: ability to build consensus in the face of uncertainty
2) Communication: ability to keep a clear and consistent message
3) Decision-making: knowing when to make a decision
4) Being a good team player: knowing when to trust and when to delegate
5) Ability to telescope: to focus in on the details and then move back to the bigger picture.

While the five biggest mistakes that entrepreneurs make:
1) Having unclear goals and an unclear mission
2) Trying to prove that they are smart
3) Greed - doing it for money.
4) Hiring people that they like rather than people that they need.
5) Not knowing when to let go.

Filed under: Business 1 Comment
   

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